- Abstract:
- The safety assessment of objects developed by underground mining operations, as well as those planned for construction over developed sections of mine fields, is based on the calculation of expected deformations. For a reliable determination of the latter, in the absence of instrumental observations over the section of the mine field under consideration, the issue of substantiating the values of the angles of total displacement Ψ and maximum subsidence Θ is of great importance. At present, in practice, the angles Θ are not used explicitly, and fixed values of the angles Ψ do not always allow for a reliable calculation of the length of the semi-trough of displacement and, as a consequence, for a correct calculation of the expected deformations. Taking into account the above, the main objective of this work is to substantiate the angles Ψ and Θ for the conditions of development of the reserves of the Verkhnekamskoye potassium-magnesium salt deposit, and, if appropriate, to establish the dependencies that determine them. The study revealed that the angles of total displacements Ψ under conditions of homogeneity of the geomechanical system structure are not prone to significant changes over time and depend mainly on the parameter of the degree of loading of interchamber pillars C. The reason for the possible decrease in the values of Ψ under conditions of heterogeneity of the geomechanical system structure was found. It was determined that the values of the angles of maximum subsidence Θ may differ from 90º. The values are substantiated and mathematical models are established for the studied angles Ψ and Θ, and the coefficients of the condition of complete undermining are clarified.
- Keywords:
- angles of total displacements, angles of maximum subsidence, complete undermining, incomplete undermining, displacement, trough, safety of undermining objects
- For citation:
- Shchegolkov YuS. Assessment of the values of total shifts angles and maximum subsidence angles in conditions of mining reserves of the Verkhnekamskoe deposit of potassium-magnesium salts. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):61-70. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-61-70.
- Information about the authors:
-
- Yuri S. Shchegolkov – main specialist of the analytical department of design and analytical management, PJSC «Uralkali», 618426, Berezniki, Russian Federation, e-mail:
This email address is being protected from spambots. You need JavaScript enabled to view it.
- Yuri S. Shchegolkov – main specialist of the analytical department of design and analytical management, PJSC «Uralkali», 618426, Berezniki, Russian Federation, e-mail:
- References:
-
- 1. Барях АА, Тенисон ЛО. Обоснование инженерных критериев безопасной подработки водозащитной толщи на Верхнекамском месторо- ждении солей. Горный журнал. 2021;4:57-63. Baryakh AA, Tenison LO. Justification of engineering safety criteria for undermining of water-proof layer in the Upper Kama Salt Deposit. Mining magazine. 2021;4:57-63. (In Russ.).
- 2. Усанов СВ, Коновалова ЮП, Усанова АВ. Исследование причин повреждений жилых малоэтажных зданий в зоне влияния подземных горных работ. Известия ТулГУ. Науки о Земле. 2023;2:334-46. Usanov SV, Konovalova YuP, Usanova AV. Study of the causes of damage to residential low-rise buildings in the zone of influence of underground mining. News of Tula State University. Geosciences. 2023;2:334-46. (In Russ.).
- 3. Strzałkowski P. Some Remarks on Impact of Mining Based on an Example of Building Deformation and Damage Caused by Mining in Conditions of Upper Silesian Coal Basin. Pure and Applied Geophysics. 2019;176(6):2595-605. doi: 10.1007/s00024-019-02127-1.
- 4. Zhanga M, Zhangb Y, Jia M, Jiao P. Research on reasonable mining scheme for coal recovery in thick coal seam under buildings and other structures. Journal of Mines, Metals and Fuels. 2019;67(2):90-8.
- 5. Guo G, Li H, Zha J. An approach to protect cultivated land from subsidence and mitigate contamination from colliery gangue heaps. Process Safety and Environmental Protection. 2019;(124):336-44. doi: 10.1016/j.psep.2019.03.004.
- 6. Diao X, Wu K, Zhou D, et al. Combining subsidence theory and slope stability analysis method for building damage assessment in mountainous mining subsidence regions. PLOS ONE. 2019;14(2):0210021. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210021.
- 7. Pawluszek-Filipiak K, Borkowski A. Integration of DInSAR and SBAS Techniques to Determine Mining-Related Deformations Using Sentinel-1 Data: The Case Study of Rydułtowy Mine in Poland. Remote Sensing. 2020;12(2):242. doi: 10.3390/rs12020242.
- 8. Указания (мероприятия) по защите рудников ПАО «Уралкалий» от затопления и охране объектов на земной поверхности от вредного влияния подземных разработок на ВКМКС. Часть 1: Основные положения. Часть 2: Методические рекомендации – ГИ УрО РАН, Пермь, 2022. Regulations for the protection of the mines of PJSC Uralkali from flooding and the protection of objects on the earth's surface from the harmful effects of underground mining on the VDPMS. Part 1. Basic provisions. Part 2. Guidelines - MI Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Perm, 2022. (In Russ.)
- 9. Нестеров МП, Львова АВ, Аникин НФ. Основные особенности закономерностей деформаций земной поверхности на калийных руд- никах. Строительные конструкции Киев,1974. Nesterov MP, Lvova AV, Anikin NF. The main features of the patterns of deformation of the earth's surface in potash mines. Building structures. Kyiv, 1974. (In Russ.).
- 10. Нестеров МП, Аникин НФ. Основные закономерности деформирования земной поверхности на Верхнекамском калийном месторо- ждении и методы его предрасчета. Механика горных пород при разработке природных солей: Тр. ВНИИГ. 1974;67. Nesterov MP, Anikin NF. Basic patterns of deformation of the earth's surface at the Verkhnekamskoye potassium deposit and methods for its pre-calculation. Rock mechanics in the development of natural salts. Leningrad, 1974. (In Russ.)/
- 11. Нестеров МП. Особенности процесса деформирования земной поверхности на калийных месторождениях и специфика их учета при выборе конструктивных мер защиты подрабатываемых объектов. Доклады на Международном симпозиуме по защите окружающей среды от последствий подземной эксплуатации минерального сырья. Тузла (Югославия), 1975. Nesterov MP. Features of the process of deformation of the earth's surface in potash deposits and the specifics of their consideration when choosing constructive measures to protect undermined objects. Reports at the international Symposium on environmental protection from the consequences of underground exploitation of mineral raw materials. Tuzla (Yugoslavia), 1975. (In Russ.).
- 12. Нестеров МП. Оседания земной поверхности при разработке калийных месторождений и горно-технические меры уменьшения их вредного влияния. Доклады на III Международном симпозиуме по маркшейдерскому делу: Т. 3. Леобен (Австрия), 1976. Nesterov MP. Subsidence of the earth's surface during the development of potash deposits and mining and technical measures to reduce their harmful effects. In the book: Reports at the III International Symposium on Mine Surveying. Vol. 3. Leoben (Austria), Mining University, 1976. (In Russ.).
- 13. Аникин НФ. Развитие сдвижения земной поверхности во времени на Верхнекамском калийном месторождении при системах с по- датливыми целиками. Сдвижение земной поверхности и толщи на калийных месторождениях. Ленинград, 1977. Anikin NF. Development of displacement of the earth's surface in time at the Verkhnekamsk potash deposit in systems with yielding pillars. Shift of the earth's surface and strata in potash deposits. Leningrad, 1977. (In Russ.).
- 14. Аникин НФ, Львова АВ, Бешенцева ЭФ. Особенности формирования краевых частей мульд сдвижения в условиях Верхнекамского месторождения. Контроль, прогнозирование и управление состоянием пород в калийных рудниках: сборник научных трудов. Ленинград, 1985:186. Anikin NF, Lvova AV, Beshentseva EF. Features of the formation of the edge parts of shear troughs in the conditions of the Verkhnekamskoye field. Monitoring, forecasting and managing the condition of rocks in potash mines. Leningrad, 1985:186 (In Russ.).
- 15. Казаковский ДА. Сдвижение земной поверхности под влиянием горных разработок. Москва, 1953:228 с. Kazakovskiy DA. The displacement of the earth's surface under the influence of mining. Moscow, 1953:228. (In Russ.).
- 16. Викторов СД, Иофис МА, Гончаров СА. Сдвижение и разрушение горных пород. Москва, 2005: 277. Viktorov SD. Iofis MA, Goncharov SA. Displacement and destruction of rocks. Moscow, 2005: 277. (In Russ.).
- 17. Посыльный ЮВ. Геометрия мульды сдвижения земной поверхности над горными выработками угольных шахт. Новочеркасск, 2012:216. Posylny YuV. Geometry of the trough of displacement of the earth's surface over the workings of coal mines. Novocherkassk, 2012:216. (In Russ.).
- 18. Михайлова ТВ, Рогова ТБ. Сдвижение и деформации пород и земной поверхности при ведении горных работ. Кемерово, 2017:110. Mikhailova TV, Rogova TB. Movement and deformation of rocks and earth surface during mining. Kemerovo 2017:110 p. (In Russ.).
- 19. Правила охраны сооружений и природных объектов от вредного влияния подземных горных разработок на угольных месторождени- ях. Санкт-Петербург, 1998:291. Rules for the protection of structures and natural objects from the harmful effects of underground mining in coal deposits. St. Petersburg, 1998:291. (In Russ.).
- 20. Щегольков ЮС. Обоснование критериев основных угловых параметров процесса сдвижения для условий отработки запасов Верхне- камского месторождения калийно-магниевых солей. Маркшейдерия и недропользование. 2024;(3):42-54. Shchegolkov YuS. Justification of the criteria for the main angular parameters of the displacement process for the conditions of development of reserves of the Verkhnekamskoye field potassium-magnesium salts. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2024;(3):42-54. (In Russ.) doi: 10.56195/20793332_2024_3_42_54.
- 21. Щегольков ЮС. Определение граничных углов процесса сдвижения земной поверхности при отработке запасов Верхнекамского месторождения калийно-магниевых солей. Маркшейдерия и недропользование. 2024;(6):25-32. doi: 10.56195/20793332_2024_6_25_32. Shchegolkov YuS. Determination of boundary angles of the process of earth’s surface displacement during the mining of reserves of the Verkhnekamskoe deposit of potassium-magnesium salts. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2024;(6):25-3 (In Russ.).
- 22. Указания по защите рудников от затопления и охране объектов на Верхнекамском месторождении калийно-магниевых солей. Санкт- Петербург – Пермь, 2014. Regulations for the protection of mines from flooding and the protection of facilities at the Verkhnekamskoye potassium-magnesium salt deposit. St. Petersburg – Perm, 2014. (In Russ.).
