Technological solutions for the effective involvement of mineral raw materials of carbonate rock deposits
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_4_11
Yu.P. Ptashnik1, A.I. Ptashnik2, A.I. Kosolapov1
- Institute of Non4ferrous Metals, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- OOO «UK «NOK GROUP», Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of studies of an effective technology for the development of elongated deposits of carbonate rocks, the novelty of which lies in the sequence of combined opening of the deposit, combined with the features of the separation of cargo flows of overburden rocks and minerals, as well as in the placement of primary processing facilities in the area of the worked-out space of the quarry and underground workings, together ensuring a reduction in the average coefficient of overburden and the earth capacity of open mining operations. It is proved that by varying the depth of the concentration horizon in the established technological corridor, depending on the deterministic group of the quarry, it is possible to achieve a reduction in the level of total operating costs up to 7.5%, which for large deposits amounts to tens of billions of rubles. The results of the research can be useful in substantiating the technology of the development of a deposit of carbonate rocks.
- Keywords:
- carbonate rocks, post-operational use, concentration horizon
Analysis of parameters of underground mining systems of the Kupol deposit and the order of mining of the NE 3 35-3 block
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_12_17
V.V. Kurbatova, N.E. Lomakina, I.Yu. Garifulina, E.A. Glotova
- FGBOU VO «North4Eastern State University (Polytechnic Institute)», Magadan, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of studies of mining-geological and mining-geometric parameters of the underground mining of the indigenous gold-silver deposit «Dome», located on the border of the Anadyr and Bilibinsky districts of the Chukotka Autonomous District, It is established that the preparation of the block for cleaning works is carried out by mining-preparatory and rifled mining workings, passed at the horizons of 35 m and 50 m, with the accepted cross-section rectangular-vaulted shape. It is determined that an objective assessment of the mining-geological and mining-geometric parameters of the object makes it possible to determine effective mining systems. The research results can be useful in analyzing the validity of decisions made on ore mining technology with the approximation of experience to similar objects.
- Keywords:
- gold and silver deposit, mining system, parameters, coal-face operations, baring, crosscut, ore mining, loosening, block
Experience of underground hydraulic mining in USSR and Russia
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_18_23
A.A. Kravtsov, Y.V. Dmitrak, V.A. Atrushkevich
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences. Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article provides an analysis of the mining and geological conditions and the experience of coal mines in the USSR and Russia, in which hydraulic mining technology was used. The applied technical solutions and technological schemes of mining are also considered. The preferred mining and geological conditions for the use of hydrotechnology have been determined. Promising areas of hydro extraction research have been identified, such as the development of efficient underground dehydration complexes and automation of basic technological processes. The results of the research can be useful for further improving the efficiency, safety and realization of the potential of hydromechanization of coal mining and other minerals.
- Keywords:
- hydromining, hydro jets, underground coal mining, hydrotransport, ash content, quality of coal products
Models of the collapse of an exploded rock mass by a two-stage method of estimating a complex-structured limestone deposit
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_24_39
A.V. Timohin, V.D. Kantemirov, R.S. Titov, V.N. Shapovalenko
- Institute of Mining, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of the material and varietal assessment of the balance reserves of limestone of a large deposit. On the basis of electrometric measurements of the massif and modeling of the collapse of the exploded rock mass, using the example of the Kostanok site of the Chanvin limestone deposit (Perm Krai), a 2-stage method for studying complex-structured arrays of mineral raw materials is proposed. The results of large-scale electrometric surveys and local measurements of explosive blocks by the method of resistances in combination with vertical electro-sounding (VEZ) are presented. Quantitative maps of the isolines of the contaminant (clays) of the mined sections of the limestone massif are presented, which are the initial data in the models of the ruins of the exploded rock mass. The main parameters of the geometric interpretation of the composition of the exploded ore mass are established. To quantify the volumes of conditioned and dilute limestone in the collapse of the exploded ore mass, the differentiation of elastic-plastic properties of limestone layers of different grade composition depending on the angles of inclination of the working ledges was revealed. The typicality of the structure of the limestone-clay zones as forms of origin of clogging substances of facies-tectonic genesis has been established. The parameters and main provisions of the methodology for assessing losses and dilution of minerals in complex geological and technical conditions of mining operations are determined. Using the example of the Kostanok limestone site, an algorithm has been developed for obtaining information about the structure of the structure of the processed massif to increase the efficiency of mining operations. The results obtained confirm the relevance of the oxide-metric interpretation of electrometric measurement data for assessing the degree of loss and clogging of the extracted ore mass during the development of complex-structured arrays.
- Keywords:
- limestone, clay, electrometry, electric sounding, varietal measurements of blocks, calculations of clay, dilution, energy and resource conservation
Methodology for refining digital relief models of open-pit mine workings based on laser scanning and aerial photography
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_40_52
V.A. Valkov, E.O. Valkova, M.G. Mustafin
- Saint Petersburg mining university, Saint Petersburg, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of research on the refinement of digital terrain models using point clouds obtained during lidar surveys or based on aerial photography from unmanned aircraft. It is established that when modeling various forms only on the basis of a set of key points, ambiguity may arise. It is determined that when using TIN models to clarify the position of the faces, it is advisable to use redundant points of the «ground» class. The variants of the implementation of approaches using the least squares method are shown. Their effectiveness and expediency are revealed on specific examples. The results of the research can be useful in work related to digital terrain modeling, including in relation to open-pit mining.
- Keywords:
- digital relief model, open mining, laser scanning, point cloud, TIN model, key relief points
Results of monitoring of modern deformation processes by methods of high-precision geodesy at the Yamburg geodynamic polygon
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_53_59
O.V. Volkov, Yu.V. Vasiliev, D.P. Inozemtsev
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences West Siberian Branch, Tyumen, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of surveying and geodetic studies of modern deformation processes on the territory of the Yamburg oil and gas condensate field. The technogenic influence of the development on the formation of vertical shifts of observation points of the geodynamic polygon has been established. It is determined that the greatest subsidence is confined to the areas of maximum sampling and falling reservoir pressures in the area of the combined contours of the Cenomanian and Neocomian. It is shown that there is a tendency of subsidence of the earth's surface over the mined area of the deposit. It was revealed that a comparative analysis of the results of geodynamic monitoring: satellite observations, geological and commercial indicators of the field development allowed to determine the local subsidence zone in the northern part of the field. The results of the research can be useful for surveying services of oil and gas fields when performing geodynamic monitoring.
- Keywords:
- deformation processes, geodynamic monitoring, high-precision geodetic measurements, leveling, geodetic satellite observations, subsidence of the Earth's surface, industrial safety
Photosynthetic productivity of artificially created phytocoenosis using sewage sludge
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_60_68
N.Ju. Shmakova1, L.A. Ivanova1, O.V. Ermolaeva1, A.V. Lusis2
- N.A. Avrorin Polar Alpine Botanical Garden Institute, Kirovsk, Russia;
- Environment and Security (SHES) specialist limited liability company «Evoblast», Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The results of studies on the use of sewage sludge (SS) as an unconventional chemical meliorant for the formation of antierosion vegetation cover on sand pits of technogenic origin are presented. Two variants of applying SS on the surface of the technogrunt were studied: 1 – fragmentally with a layer of 2-3 cm, 2 – with a continuous layer of 5-10 cm. In experimental variants with SS, the indicators of biological productivity for the 4th year of life were greater than in the control: plant height – by 3,5-4,5 times; reserves of above-ground phytomass – by 29 and 56 times. It is shown that long-term SS, which has undergone the processes of humification and leaching, is a promising and inexpensive meliorant suitable for increasing the fertility of sandy industrial soil and creating highly productive stable phytocenoses on them. Festuca rubra L. (the dominant species of perennial grasses) was chosen to assess the degree of SS influence on the state of artificially created phytocenoses. The efficiency of the photosynthetic apparatus (FA) of this species was estimated by the following informative indicators: the content of plastid pigments, the intensity of photosynthesis, and the chlorophyll index. It was revealed that the highest absolute indicators of aboveground phytomass and chlorophyll content are typical for plants in the experimental variant with continuous application of SS. However, the calculated indicators of the efficiency of the FA showed that the productivity of the chlorophyll unit is higher in the experimental variant with fragmentary application of SS. The maximum values of the FA performance indicators of Festuca rubra in the experimental variants were noted in the first half of the growing season. At the end of the season, due to the strong thickening of the cover and changes in the light regime, a sharp decrease in the photosynthetic activity of assimilating organs was noted. Thus, the state of artificially created stable phytocenoses, based on the estimate of photosynthetic productivity, confirms the most promising use of fragmentary application of SS during restoration activities.
- Keywords:
- sewage sludge, sand pit, meliorant, photosynthetic productivity, plastid pigments, photosynthesis, chlorophyll index, Festuca rubra L
Improvement of technologies for managing the development of personnel of mining enterprises
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_3_69_76
N.A. Fedotenko
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article formulates a number of important conclusions and recommendations for the management of personnel development of mining enterprises. It is proved that the formation of a personnel development system at an enterprise in modern conditions is an objective necessity from the point of view of ensuring its market competitiveness and efficiency. It is established that the pace of development of scientific and technological progress necessitates the constant support of the high qualification level of its employees. Therefore, a specific feature of the formation of personnel development systems at enterprises is the need to update and maintain them in conditions of increasing complexity of technological and production processes.
- Keywords:
- mining enterprises, personnel, professional development, competencies, management, competitiveness
