Identification and limitation of outstanding («hurricane») contents of useful components at the «Burgali» deposit
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_4_9
V.V. Arno, L.Y. Kalinina, A.M. Volin, I.Y. Garifulina, N.E. Lomakina, E.A. Glotova
- «North-Eastern State University (Polytechnic Institute)», Magadan, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article is devoted to the study of the existing experience of the methodology for identifying and limiting outstanding («hurricane») contents of useful components at the «Burgali» deposit. It is determined that the initial data for identifying the threshold of outstanding values are the minimum hierarchical units of counting – samples. At the same time, the reduction of sample contents, rather than cross sections, is impressive from the point of view of working with the initial data, and not with figures obtained after arithmetic transformations of data characterizing different structural and lithological units of the structure of ore bodies in the counting contours.
- Keywords:
- reserves, content, block, workings, ore bodies, samples, histogram
On the issue of import substitution of non-electric initiation systems in order to increase the efficiency of blasting operations in modern conditions of functioning of mining enterprises
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_10_16
D.V. Domozhirov, I.A. Pytalev, K.I. Strukov
- Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- In modern conditions, the quality and safety of drilling and blasting operations depends on the means used to initiate and implement the principles of short-delayed blasting, especially with high-grade open geotechnology and the penetration of vertical underground mine workings by borehole drilling. The article discusses the advantages and disadvantages of the initiation tools used in terms of their interchangeability in modern conditions of import substitution. The main methods of penetration of vertical underground mine workings are given and the possibility of using borehole rebounding in one step or with the preliminary creation of a compensation space taking into account downhole and downhole deceleration is justified. The passports of the borehole rebound during the sinking of the ore pass and the results of the experimental explosions performed in the conditions of the underground mine of AO «UGC» are presented. The current situation of import substitution of non-electric initiation systems is analyzed and the constraining factors are considered. Restraining factors and identified technical solutions for the transition to electric initiation systems and to detonating with a detonating cord in conditions of high-grade geotechnology.
- Keywords:
- non-electrical and electrical initiation systems, electronic detonation, detonating cord, short-delayed detonation, borehole rebounding, vertical mining, import substitution
Fundamentals of the transition to the integrated development of a subsurface area with an open method of developing deposits of solid minerals and the formation of renewable energy sources
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_17_23
I.A. Pytalev1, A.A. Polinov2
- Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Magnitogorsk, Russia;
- GOP PJSC MMK, Magnitogorsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- The current state is presented and trends in the development of open-pit mining operations are considered, taking into account the expansion of the field of functioning of mining enterprises. The directions of increasing the nomenclature of non-characteristic products of open geotechnology are substantiated. A conceptual scheme is proposed for the formation of renewable energy sources during the period of mining operations and the creation of a mining and technological system that ensures the integrated development of a subsurface area with the associated co-building of man-made geo-resources and minimizing the amount of work required to conduct land reclamation with their exclusion in the future. The possibility and expediency of complex development of a subsurface area during mining operations with purposeful associated creation of autonomously functioning renewable energy sources is proved. The basics of the transition to the integrated development of the subsurface area, taking into account the design and operation stage of the mining enterprise, are formulated.
- Keywords:
- integrated development of a subsurface area, open geotechnology, renewable energy sources, reclamation, technogenic geo-resources, solid minerals, hydro- and heat accumulator
Systematization of factors affecting the amount of losses and dilution of ore during underground mining by development systems with the laying of the developed space
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_24_34
G.S. Kurchin
- Siberian Federal University, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of studies of factors affecting the amount of losses and dilution during mining. It has been established that the level of ore loss and dilution during mining is influenced by a large number of factors, some of which are unstable in space and time. It is shown that all factors can be divided into controlled and unmanaged. The separation of factors was based on the nature of their occurrence and the possibility of subjective influence on them. The impact of each factor on the level of operational losses and dilution of the mineral has been assessed. The systematization of these factors proposed by the author is presented. The results of the study can be used by the scientific community in the study of the processes of formation of losses and dilution during mining and the development of methods for calculating the standard values of losses and dilution.
- Keywords:
- losses and dilution, factors, systematization, extraction, diamond ore, ore body capacity, angle of incidence, geological contact
Temporary abandonment of overburden rocks within a quarry field during the development of coal deposits by an open method
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_35_40
V.S. Fedotenko1, A.S. Nenashev2, V.A. Mityukovskiу2
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia;
- LLC «IF «Explosion Ecology», Kemerovo, Russia
- Abstract:
- A method has been developed for the temporary abandonment of overburden rocks within a quarry field during the development of deposits of solid minerals by an open method. An approach to the regulation of the mining regime in the open-pit mining of steep-falling coal deposits due to the redistribution of overburden volumes over time is described. The change in the current overburden coefficient during the development of overburden rocks with and without high ledges is investigated. A concrete example of the application of the proposed technical solution in the conditions of the Novosergeyevsky coal deposit site is considered.
- Keywords:
- open geotechnology, high ledges, the main parameters of the quarry, stripping operations, mining mode
Application of the laser measuring system «LIS 1» for profiling vertical mine shafts
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_41_46
S.O. Gridnev, A.V. Zagibalov, E.N. Belyaev
- Center for Mine Surveying and Geodetic Innovations Irkutsk National Research Technical University, Irkutsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- In order to ensure uninterrupted operation of mine lifts, reduce wear of conductors and elements of lifting vessels, comply with the design speed of lifting and prevent accidents, it is necessary to systematically control the main parameters of reinforcing and mine shaft support. Such control can be realized with the use of classical technology with hanging plumb lines and manual measurement of all parameters. However, manual profiling is very labor-intensive and dangerous work. In addition, it requires shutdown of the shaft for a long period of time - the work time, depending on the complexity of reinforcement and depth, can vary from one shift to several days, which is currently unacceptable. Modern conditions of productivity of a mining enterprise dictate conditions of quickness of work performance, high accuracy and comprehensiveness, when not only conductor profiling, but also measurement of safety gaps, profiling of shaft walls and determination of height marks of shoots are performed during one pass. Many mining enterprises in Russia use more than 10 shafts in the production cycle, besides, underground mining is going deeper and deeper for obvious reasons, and the length of vertical shafts already reaches up to 2 km. Under such conditions, control of reinforcement and shoring parameters is possible only with the automation of labor-intensive surveying works, providing increased productivity and labor safety. In this article we will consider an innovative method of laser profiling of mine shafts by «LIS 1» equipment, which allows to find a solution for the previously formed problems.
- Keywords:
- laser scanning, mine shaft profiling, automation of works
Analysis of deformations of the earth's surface during the construction of metro stations using compensation grouting technology as a protection measure for buildings
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_47_58
E.M. Volokhov1, V.K. Kozhukharova1, A.E. Volkotrub2, L.M. Nazmutdinov3
- St. Petersburg Mining University, St. Petersburg, Russia;
- GK Uroven LLC, St. Petersburg, Russia;
- SPb GKU «Directorate of transport construction», St. Petersburg, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article analyzes the experience of using compensation grouting to protect buildings during the construction of underground structures on the example of the Teatralnaya metro station, St. Petersburg. To assess the effectiveness of measures by the method of compensation grouting, data from surveying, geodetic and geotechnical measurements were analyzed. Extensometric wells located along the perimeter of buildings above the Teatralnaya station complex were used as a method of monitoring deformations of the rock mass. The available results of field data show that the technical implementation of the compensation grouting system does not yet allow for stable and satisfactory compensation of deformations, and may even increase the risks of additional deformations and damage to buildings. In the context of the development of a new technology to ensure the protection of undermined buildings using ccompensation grouting, it is necessary to consider the use of enhanced supervision by the designer, the use of modern automated surveying and geodetic control and geotechnical monitoring (in «real time» mode). In addition to the impact on the displacement of the Earth's surface of mining and compensation grouting, other external factors have been identified that require further research using automated means of deformation monitoring. The results of the research can be useful in the design of building protection measures in the conditions of undermining, as well as in the organization of a monitoring system for deformations of the Earth's surface, buildings and structures.
- Keywords:
- protection of buildings and structures, underground construction, displacement trough, settlements of buildings, displacement of the earth's surface, damage to buildings and structures, compensation grouting
Under-roof (suspended) monorail transport in the mine and signs of a lifting structure
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_59_66
V.M. Tarasov1, A.I. Fomin2, N.I. Tarasova3
- Rivals Modern Innovative Technologies LLC (Rivalsit LLC), Kemerovo, Russia;
- JSC «NC VostNII», KuzSTU, Kemerovo, Russia;
- LLC «ICC «Industrial Safety», Kemerovo, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of research to determine the ownership of lifting transport technical devices with hydraulic control in the mine by the type of mechanisms. It is established that suspended monorail transport in the mine consists of technical equipment: unified hydraulic lifting technical devices, diesel-hydraulic locomotive, monorail beam. It is revealed that the main element in this lifting and transport system of mechanisms are lifting transport (mobile, mobile) technical devices with monorail cargo carriages moving along a monorail beam. It is determined that the monorail beam has the signs of a crane boom, is mounted under the roof of a mining operation, within the boundaries of the zone formed by the limit values of the working movements of the lifting machine, and has switches and end stops. An outboard diesel-hydraulic locomotive is a traction means, and provides hydraulic control from it of lifting transport technical devices when lifting/lowering loads, and the movement of these loads, which has signs of a lifting structure. The devices used for lifting operations – removable lifting devices, cargo containers, containers for measuring materials, for arched metal supports, liquids, etc., equipment – hooks, traverses, grippers, slings used for lifting and moving (moving) cargo, have signs of lifting structures.
- Keywords:
- lifting capacity, transport devices, lifting devices, slinging, hydraulic control, diesel-hydraulic locomotive, monorail beam
Methodology of ecological assessment of the consequences of accumulation of solid mining wastes in the ecosystems of the environment
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_5_67_73
A.N. Proshlyakov
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- Subsoil use involves not only the use of mining waste, but also the protection of subsoil. Also the main task is to reduce the impact of the subsoil use process on the natural environment. The natural environment is affected on a larger scale by the development of mineral and raw materials complex in comparison with human economic activity. The consequences of damage from large-scale anthropogenic damage to natural biota are often irreversible. The paper describes various methods of research on pollution of the natural environment. The significance of the impact of mining waste storage on various ecosystems is shown. On the basis of the studied methods, a new methodological approach to the assessment of technogenic damage to the biota of disturbed ecosystems is proposed. The problems of ecological balance in each ecosystem perceiving technogenic impact provide a fundamental possibility for each of them to present individual systems of ecological consequences assessment in the parameters of the disturbed ecosystem state. The article proposes a universal criterion that can be used as a measurable value to determine the degree of ecological deterioration under a certain form of technogenic impact on the natural-territorial complex. Assessments of the degree of technogenic damage to each of the ecosystems are proposed. Estimates of ecological consequences of pollution of natural environment by mining production are considered taking into account changes in the response state of the ecosystem perceiving technogenic impacts
- Keywords:
- subsoil development, biota, mining waste, assessment, ecosystem, universal criterion, natural-territorial complex, ecological balance
