Deep processing of diamond-containing raw materials of natural and man-made origin
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_4_14
V.A. Chanturia1, G.P. Dvoichenkova1,2, E.L Chanturia3, A.S. Timofeev1
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources RAS, Moscow, Russia
- North-Eastern Federal University, Mirniy, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology «MISiS», Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The results of experimental approbation of individual cycles of modern technology for deep processing of kimberlite raw materials of indigenous and technogenic origin from deposits in Western Yakutia confirmed the technological efficiency of the developed technical solutions that provide the possibility of obtaining high-quality final concentrates of a wide size class due to: reducing the corrosion rate of ferrosilicon by 2.7 times by nitriding its surface in the established optimal modes; improving the quality of rough concentrates of dense medium separation by extracting iron-containing minerals from them using two-stage magnetic separation; extraction of weakly and abnormally luminescent diamonds in the X-ray luminescent separation cycle due to the correction of their spectral and kinetic characteristics using luminophor-containing reagents of the developed composition; increasing the extraction of diamonds of the -6mm class in the cycles of sticky, foam separations and finishing operations of the radar due to the modification of the surface properties of the extracted diamond crystals in accordance with the requirements of the considered technological processes.
- Keywords:
- diamonds, minerals, ferrosilicon, suspension, magnetic separation, conditioning, modification, technological properties, extraction, emulsion
Expanding the raw material base of mines through the concentration of small fractions of sub-conditional ores
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_15_19
A.Yu. Cheban, N.M. Litvinova, R.V. Bogomyakov, M.S. Kirilchuk
- Mining institute the Far Eastern branch of Russian academy of sciences, Khabarovsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of studies on the distribution of metal content by fractions in exploded substandard ores and mineralized host rocks. It has been established that in the studied samples there is a concentration of useful components in small fractions. It is shown that enriched fine fractions with a content of a useful component above the minimum industrial value can be separated using screening and sent for heap leaching together with conditioned poor ores. The research results can be used to substantiate the possibility of improving resource-saving technologies.
- Keywords:
- fine fractions of substandard ores, research of samples, content of useful components, distribution of gold and copper, resource-saving technologies
Using Micromine omnidirectional semivariogram building tools for gold-sulfide deposits with very complex gold distribution
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_20_24
A.Yu. Polevsky1, Yu.V. Dmitrak1, E.V. Monakov2
- Federal State Budgetary Institution of Science Institute for Problems of Comprehensive Development of Subsoil Academician N.V. Melnikov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- National University of Science and Technology MISiS, Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of modeling omnidirectional variograms for a section of a gold-sulfide deposit with a very complex distribution of gold using the Micromine MGIS. The approach of applying the kriging method for further estimation of reserves is substantiated. The nugget effect was experimentally determined. The processes of determining the geological structures (domains) preceding the modeling of variograms are described in detail. The research results may be useful in selecting the most appropriate method for estimating reserves of various geological resources. By demonstrating the effectiveness of kriging and its ability to account for complex spatial variability, this research provides valuable insights into how best to estimate reserves in different geological contexts.
- Keywords:
- geostatistics, semivariograms, kriging, inverse distance method, 3D modeling, Micromine
Assessment of trends inthe quality of iron ore with an increase in thedepth of mining deposits of the kachkanar group
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_29_37
V.D. Kantemirov, R.S. Titov, A.M. Yakovlev
- Institute of Mining, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Yekaterinburg, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of an assessment of trends in the quality of iron ore with an increase in the depth of mining of Gusevogorsk and Kachkanar deposits of titanomagnetites, carried out on the basis of complex chemical and mineralogical studies of ores extracted from deep horizons of quarries mining deposits. The structures of the main ore-forming minerals of titanomagnetite ore and their chemical composition are established. It is determined that iron in silicate ore-forming minerals is present in the form of isomorphic impurities, the content of which may exceed 15%. The mineral composition of magnetic fractions of ores of different categories of enrichment (easily enriched, normally enriched and difficult to enrich) and classes of size -0,5 +0,16 mm and -0,16 +0,05 mm is presented. According to the data of complex chemical and mineralogical studies of the ores of the Gusevogorsky and Kachkanar deposits, graphs and regression models of changes in the total iron content from the depth of mining of the exploited quarries are constructed. The influence of changes in the contents of magnetite iron and general with the depth of mining of the quarries of the deposit on the phase composition and quality of the ore charge supplied for enrichment was assessed. A tendency has been established to worsen the contents of magnetite and general iron with a decrease in the depth of mining of the Gusevogorsky deposit in all quarries. Recommendations have been developed for the formation of the phase composition of ore from different quarries to maintain optimal ratios of magnetite and total iron contents in the consolidated ore charge.
- Keywords:
- titanomagnetite ore, ore-forming minerals, mineral composition, content, magnetic separation, ore quality, quarry mining depth, ore charge
Overview of the current state of the global mining industry
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_38_43
A.K. Kirsanov1, S.Sh. Saaya2, A.E. Karvanen3, S.V. Anushenkov4, A.N. Lopatina1
- Siberian Federal University, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
- Tuva State University, Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education, Kyzyl, Russia
- Polar Construction Company, LLC, Norilsk, Russia
- Siberia-Polymetals, JSC, Rubtsovsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- At present, states and entire regions that possess significant reserves of sought>after minerals have great potential to maintain and even improve their socio-economic position in the foreseeable future. Since the beginning of 2000 the increase in mining volumes of minerals has made more than 50%, however more than half of all extracted raw materials falls on only five leading countries: China, the USA, the Russian Federation, Australia and India. This article presents the results of analysis of the global structure of mineral production by type and geographic region. Data on the world's leading mining companies are presented. The main environmental risks as a result of continued increase in the global scale of mining are identified. The prospects for the development of the mining sector are shown. The results of the study can be used by the scientific community as an information source.
- Keywords:
- mining sector, mining volumes, mineral resources, scale of mining, mining companies, environmental issues
Features and problems of estimation and hazardous areas boundaries definition located near coal seams faults
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_44_55
E.A. Shubina1, A.S. Kharkevich2
- Mine surveying and geology department, T.F. Gorbachev Kuzbass State Technical University, Kemerovo, Russia
- LLC VNII9GEO, Kemerovo, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of the analysis of the methods for constructing the boundaries of hazardous areas in geological faults, set out in specification documents: «Statute ...» [1] and «Instruction ...» [2]. It is established that the analyzed methods of calculating the boundaries of hazardous areas do not contain methods for establishing the boundaries of hazardous areas near blasts, ravinements, partings, etc. It is determined that methods of calculating and constructing the boundaries of hazardous areas of faults described in specification documents contain a number of limitations. Therefore the calculated values are absurd both for applying these calculations for conformable and nonconformable faults, and for inclined and non-inclined to dynamic phenomena seams. It has been revealed that at present it is advisable to assert the need for a detailed analysis of the results of investigations of accidents, caused by the mining in hazardous areas of faults, as well as the implementation of various types of research aimed at developing a methodology for constructing hazardous areas of faults, taking into account their size, attitudes, the tendency of seams to dynamic phenomena, as well as consideration of the expediency of establishing the boundaries of hazardous areas for other types of geological disturbances. The results of the research can be useful for specialists of coal mining enterprises, scientific and design institutes performing the following works: calculation and construction of the boundaries of hazardous areas, drawing up a calendar schedule, development of measures to ensure safe mining.
- Keywords:
- hazardous area, fault, coal seam, safe mining
Features of gas exchange processes during heating in coals prone to spontaneous combustion
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_56_61
A.I. Dokuchaeva
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Abstract:
- The paper presents an experimental justification for the use of the thermogravimetric analysis method as an independent method in assessing the propensity of coals to spontaneous combustion. It has been established that samples of coals prone to spontaneous combustion demonstrate greater chemical activity in oxygen absorption when heated in a thermogravimeter than samples of coals not prone to spontaneous combustion, which is determined by a comparative analysis of the mass gain of samples when heated at a temperature range of 100-350 °C. It has been proven that the value of the maximum mass gain at the stage of low-temperature oxidation is a more informative criterion for the separation of coals according to the propensity to spontaneous combustion by method thermogravimetric analysis than the self-heating temperatures and ignition. The results of the research can be useful in determining the propensity for spontaneous combustion of coal seams being developed.
- Keywords:
- spontaneous combustion of coal, endogenous fire, low-temperature oxidation, spontaneous combustion index, chemical activity of coals, thermogravimetric analysis
Vibration activation of hardening backfill during transportation over extended distances
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_62_68
V.I. Golik1, N.G.O. Valiev2, Y.V. Dmitrak3, V.H. Dzaparov1, M.Y. Liskova4
- North Caucasian Institute of Mining and Metallurgy (State Technological University), Vladikavkaz, Russia
- Ural State Mining University, Ekaterinburg, Russia
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources RAS, Moscow, Russia
- Perm National Research Polytekhnical University, Perm, Russia
- Abstract:
- It has been substantiated that the possibility of using environmentally safe technologies for filling voids with hardening backfill without the construction of stowing complexes and transport pipelines on the earth's surface. Quantitative parameters of nature and resource saving are determined, considering the cost of land withdrawn from circulation during the construction of stowing facilities on the day surface. A model for optimizing the technology of backfill transportation to the place of laying along underground mined-out voids over an extended distance is formulated. A typification of methods for activating hardening backfill according to the design is proposed. It has been proven that the permanent activation of components during the preparation and transportation of hardening backfill makes it possible to reduce environmental damage by transporting backfill through pipelines in underground mined-out voids without building stowing facilities on the earth surface.
- Keywords:
- hardening backfill, earth surface, technology, transportation, mined-out void, activation, environment
Determination of land surface subsidence from the joint interferometric processing of Sentinel-1a and Sentinel-1b spaceborne radar data
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_69_75
V.A. Tiutiukova1, D.V. Golubnichy2, D.H. Gilyazev2
- Perm National Research Polytechnic University, Perm, Russia
- Yakovlevskiy GOK, Yakovlevo, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article presents the results of studies of land surface subsidence on the territory of the Yakovlevsky GOK for the period from 2019 to 2021. Joint interferometric processing of satellite radar data from satellites Sentinel-1a and Sentinel-1b. The results of subsidence determination by leveling and radar interferometry along the profile lines were compared. The position of the subsidence trough for Sentinel-1a and Sentinel-1b satellites was determined to be different. It was found that the joint interferometric processing of data from Sentinel-1a and Sentinel-1b satellites is the most effective method of determining the true values of subsidence of the Earth's surface. The results of the research may be useful in selecting a method for monitoring subsidence of the Earth's surface.
- Keywords:
- land surface, subsidence detection, subsidence trough, radar interferometry, radar imaging, deformation monitoring, remote sensing, Sentinel-1
Parametric convergence of the survey results of Geoscan 40 and GNSS unmanned aerial vehicles during surveying operations at the Natalka field in the Magadan region
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_76_80
V.V. Kurbatova, N.E. Lomakina, I.Yu. Garifulina, M.A. Kuzmenkov, E.A. Yelnikova, A.F. Nikulin
- «North9Eastern State University (Polytechnic Institute)», Magadan, Russia
- Abstract:
- The article is devoted to the study of the existing experience of performing surveying operations using an unmanned aerial vehicle (Phantom 4 Pro UAV with RTK mode) at the Dukat mine. In particular, it was determined that the accuracy of determining volumes from photogrammetric data is influenced by many factors - the error of the instrument, the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the condensation of the survey justification, the geometric correctness of the object, based on this, the approximation of measurements and comparative analysis of data obtained by geodetic and photogrammetric methods were performed. The results of the research can be useful in the practical activities of the surveying service at the enterprise.
- Keywords:
- Natalka deposit, surveying work, unmanned aerial vehicle, quadrocopter, drone, shooting, mean square error, GPS, photogrammetry
Study of groundwater pollution for drinking purposes in the Starooskolsko>Gubkinsky iron ore district (KMA region)
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_81_87
E.I. Pogoreltseva1, E.Y. Potapova2, V.V. Khaustov3
- Joint Stock Company «Stoilensky Mining and Processing Plant», Stary Oskol, Russia
- Closed Joint Stock Company «Geolink Consulting», Moscow, Russia
- Belgorod National Research University, Belgorod, Russia
- Abstract:
- The geological environment of the Starooskolsko-Gubkinsky iron ore district of the KMA region is experiencing a significant technogenic load due to the functioning of the largest mining enterprises within it, such as Stoilensky GOK and Lebedinsky GOK. Mining of iron ore deposits is accompanied by drainage of aquifers and storage of enrichment waste in the form of liquid pulp in hydraulic structures – tailings. As a result of these processes, a disturbed hydrodynamic regime of groundwater has formed in the area, which, on the one hand, is influenced by the drainage process, and on the other hand, the supply of aquifers due to the infiltration of man-made solutions from the tailings of the Stoilensky and Lebedinsky GOKs. In the presented studies, the sources and ways of negative impact on the hydrochemical regime of groundwater are identified, the data of hydrochemical testing of wells of the Stoilensky GOK regime network are analyzed, the forecast of groundwater pollution in the zone of influence of the marked objects of the Stoilensky and Lebedinsky GOKS is presented, performed by Geolink Consulting using numerical modeling, the degree of convergence of actual and model data is analyzed.
- Keywords:
- groundwater, aquifers, groundwater quality, numerical modeling, migration, tailings storage, hydrochemical regime
Optimization of arctic man-made landscape by non>traditional method of biological reclamation
DOI: 10.56195/20793332_2023_2_88_96
A.V. Lusis1, T.T. Gorbachova2, L.A. Ivanova3
- Environment and Security (SHES) specialist limited liability company «Evoblast», Moscow, Russia
- Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems KSC RAS, Apatity, Russia
- N.A. Aurorin Polar Alpine Botanical Garden Institute, Kirovsk, Russia
- Abstract:
- The principal possibility of the formation of high-quality phytocenosis at the sites of waste disposal of mining and processing production without earthing and applying protective reagents is shown. Under the conditions of a series of laboratory experiments with imitation of surface irrigation of techno-soil with regional waste (municipal wastewater), the stimulating effect of their use was confirmed. Endowed with a high content of organic matter easily accessible to the microbiota, a favorable pH level, as well as the lability of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, they are an effective ameliorant that contributes to the creation of favorable edaphic conditions that accelerate the process of self-overgrowth of the surface of reclaimed nepheline sands in the Far North. Surface irrigation with municipal wastewater can serve as one of the measures to create and maintain the stability of vegetation cover on infertile soils in mined sand quarries, technogenic massifs, and urban areas. The effect obtained in the laboratory requires verification in the conditions of a field experiment.
- Keywords:
- apatite-nepheline ore enrichment waste, reclamation, clarified municipal wastewater, restorative succession, plant census, biogenesity of man-made soil (NPK rating) ameliorants, nutrient uptake, семена тимофеевки луговой (Phleum pratense)
