Technogenic deposits as an object of subsoil use
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-5-15
Е. А. Kuznetsova1,2, М. V. Mishenin1,2, I. V. Filimonova1,2, A. P. Samatova1,2
- A. A. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics SB RAS, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Novosibirsk State University, 630090, Novosibirsk, Russian Federation
- Abstract::
- Mineral resources of technogenic deposits are an important element of the national economy and their further involvement in economic circulation will not only increase the extraction of valuable minerals, but also solve a number of environmental problems. The article is devoted to the analysis of problems associated with the classification of technogenic formations, their development and extraction of valuable minerals from them. The authors systematized data on the current state and current changes in legislation in the field of development of technogenic deposits. The classification of technogenic formations is given and the definition of a technogenic deposit is clarified. The data on the dynamics of mineral extraction from technogenic formations in Russia over the past 10 years are summarized and it is shown that the ratio of this value to extraction from the subsoil was about 2.0 %. Separately, the regulatory framework in the field of monitoring technogenic deposits is analyzed, priority measures in the field of subsoil use are proposed to improve the efficiency of development of technogenic formations.
- Keywords:
- technogenic deposit, man-made deposit, waste dumps, subsoil use, classification, extraction of man-made mineral raw materials
- For citation:
- Kuznetsova ЕА, Mishenin МV, Filimonova IV, et al. Technogenic deposits as an object of subsoil use. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):5-15. https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-5-15.
Prospects for the integrated rational use of the resources of hydrothermal deposits of the Kamchatka territory
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-16-24
V. A. Kudryashov
- FGBUN Research Geotechnological Center, Far Eastern Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, (RGTC FEB RAS), 683002, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Kamchatsky Krai, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The integrated use of Kamchatka hydrothermal deposits is an urgent task. Taking into account the specifics of the region, the following directions of using the resource of hydrothermal deposits are proposed: communal (heating), balneological (construction of a sanatorium complex), fish farming (cultivation of salmon fry), agricultural (development of technologies for growing in buried soil), mineral raw materials (extraction of chemical elements) and tourist and recreational destinations. Using the example of the Essovsky hydrothermal field, the possibilities of complex development of such fields are shown. The resource of the deposit is used irrationally, mainly as a coolant for heating buildings in the village of Esso. At the same time, the thermal waters and mud of the Essovsky deposit contain valuable chemical elements and highly active balneological components and can be used for treatment and rehabilitation, as well as extracted during the development of the deposit. The presence of balneological mud allows them to be used in balneology. The thermal resource of the discharged geothermal water makes it possible to build a salmon hatchery with a capacity of up to 80 million pieces of fry per year on the basis of the Essovsky deposit. Based on the analysis of natural factors and comparison with the current resort of Belokurikha (Altai Territory of the Russian Federation), it was concluded that there are various natural conditions and the possibility of integrated and rational development of the Essovsky hydrothermal field. The presence of boron and arsenic in the waters of the Essovsky hydrothermal field expands the directions of balneological use. The proposed integrated field development scheme makes it possible to increase the efficiency of field use by up to 85 % and reduce the environmental burden.
- Keywords:
- geothermal deposit, resort and recreational resources, Bystrinsky district, Kamchatka Territory, therapeutic areas, radon
- For citation:
- Kudryashov VA. Prospects for the integrated rational use of the resources of hydrothermal deposits of the Kamchatka territory. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):16-24. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-16-24.
Conditions and problems of developing the Beysky coal deposit
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-25-29
A. I. Kosolapov, V. E. Kislyakov, A. S. Fedotov, A. V. Shwartskopf
- Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Siberian Federal University», Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The main objectives of modern open-pit mining technology are: minimization of negative impact on the environment, increase in safety level of production facilities and completeness of reserves extraction from the subsoil, as well as reduction of economic costs during mining operations. The article presents the results of analysis of conditions of development of Beyskoye coal deposit, studies features of mining operations in the presence of related licenses of other subsoil users, evaluates the technology applied in this case. Based on the above, the most significant technological and environmental problems influencing efficiency of deposit development are formulated and methods for their solution are proposed. The work presents analysis of results of implementation of design solutions for deposit development and generalization of experience of their application. In the process of generalization of experience of joint development of individual sections of the deposit, the following problems were identified: complexity of opening of individual sections of the deposit and finishing of pillars between them; lack of free areas near open pits and limitations of use of developed space for storage of overburden rocks; Under certain conditions, draining of the deposit may lead to dehydration of open water bodies near quarry fields. Solving these problems will reduce the costs of mining operations and environmental protection, reduce the man-made load on it and increase the completeness of the extraction of reserves.
- Keywords:
- coal, open-pit coal mines, Minusinsk coal basin, Beyskoye coal deposit, opening, mineral losses, drainage, waste dumping
- For citation:
- Kosolapov AI, Kislyakov VE, Fedotov AS, et al. Conditions and problems of developing the beysky coal deposit. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):25-29. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-25-29
Prospects of use low-power nuclear power plants based on the Ritm-200N nuclear reactor in the development of mining enterprises in Mongolia:Part 2: Safety of the prototype of the KLT-40S reactor plant. Characteristics of the Rhythm-200N
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-30-44
V. M. Kuznetsov1, V. P. Spiridonov2, V. V. Spiridonova3
- LLC «Group of companies Intellectualservice», 115088, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Academy of the State Fire Service Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, 129366, Moscow, Russian Federation
- VNIIgeosystem FSBI «VNIGNI», 105118, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The article presents the possibilities of using low-power nuclear power plants in the development of mining deposits in Mongolia. It is shown that Mongolia has significant reserves of natural resources, including uranium, which makes it possible to create new enterprises or significantly increase production volumes at existing ones. The issue of prospects for the development of lowpower nuclear power plants (ASMM) as an important technological direction in the economy of Mongolia is investigated. It has been established that the lack of reliable information on the amount of associated critical metals in ores and concentrates of known deposits, technological issues of extraction and low profitability of production hinder the realization of this potential. Due to Mongolia’s territorial isolation between Russia and China, difficult climatic and geographical conditions, and low population development of the country’s territory and resources, the speed of its economic development is low. It is determined that it is proposed to use a low-power nuclear power plant based on the RITM-200N nuclear reactor for energy supply and development of mining enterprises in Mongolia. The advantages of ASMM for the location area in Mongolia are a high installed capacity coefficient (KIUM); reduction of CO2 emissions when replacing thermal power plants; less financing; modularity and mass production; reduction of specific capital investments and operating costs, as well as faster technological training; increased competitiveness of ASMM.
- Keywords:
- Mongolia’s mining industry, energy, low-power nuclear power plant, RITM-200N nuclear reactor, radiation and environmental safety, radioactive waste, design and beyond-design accidents
- For citation:
- Kuznetsov VM, Spiridonov VP, Spiridonova VV. Prospects of use low-power nuclear power plants based on the Ritm-200N nuclear reactor in the development of mining enterprises in Mongolia:Part 2: Safety of the prototype of the KLT-40S reactor plant. Characteristics of the Rhythm-200N. Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):30-44. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-30-44.
Environmental study of a major aluminum sulphate and sulphuric acid manufacturer in Lagos State, Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-45-56
A. B. Ameen1, A. O. Ajayi2, A. Olusola1
- Roygbiv Analytical and Environmental Services Limited, Suite No. 5 Abdulsalam Shopping Complex off Hajj Camp Road Ilorin, Kwara State, Nigeria
- Adekunle Ajasin University, Department of Microbiology; Centre for Infectious Disease Control and Drug Development (CIDCDD) AAUA, Akungba-Akoko, Ondo State, Nigeria
- Abstract:
- Environmental pollution poses significant challenges in West African countries and globally, necessitating urgent mitigation efforts. The article presents the results of environmental quality assessment in the territory of the aluminum sulfate and sulfuric acid production plant. The aim was to assess the ecological condition of the studied area and the impact of the company’s activities on people and environmental resources. Environmental parameters assessed during the audit include groundwater and soil. Notably, Drury Industries Limited underwent environmental research following its establishment as a leading manufacturer of Aluminum sulphate and Sulphuric acid in West Africa. The company’s production lines include Sulphuric acid plant I with a capacity of 80,000MT/Annum and Aluminum sulphate with a capacity of 72,000MT/Annum, crucial for various industrial processes. Situated on a 177,145m2 land area in Ogun State, Nigeria, the company adhered to environmental regulations such as S.I. 36 of 2009 and S.I. 8 of 1991 to monitor effluent discharge and waste management. The environmental study, conducted in compliance with ISO 14001:2015 standards and national regulations, highlighted key findings and recommendations for Drury Industries Limited. Recommendations included developing an HSE plan, enhancing materials utilization efficiency, and implementing measures for waste management and pollution abatement. The study emphasized the importance of occupational health safety facilities, personal protective equipment, and efficient waste management practices to ensure sustainable operations. Furthermore, the research underscored the company’s contribution to government revenue through tax payments at the local, state, and federal levels. By implementing the recommended measures and enhancing existing practices, Drury Industries Limited can not only improve its operational efficiency but also contribute to environmental protection and sustainable development in the region.
- Keywords:
- Aluminum sulphate, Environmental Research, Pollution, Sulphuric acid, West Africa
- For citation:
- Ameen AB, Ajayi AO, Olusola A. Environmental study of a major aluminum sulphate and sulphuric acid manufacturer in Lagos State, Nigeria, Sub-Saharan Africa. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):45-56. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-45-56.
Assessment of the values of total shifts angles and maximum subsidence angles in conditions of mining reserves of the Verkhnekamskoe deposit of potassiummagnesium salts
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-61-70
Yu. S. Shchegolkov
- PJSC «Uralkali»,618426, Berezniki, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The safety assessment of objects developed by underground mining operations, as well as those planned for construction over developed sections of mine fields, is based on the calculation of expected deformations. For a reliable determination of the latter, in the absence of instrumental observations over the section of the mine field under consideration, the issue of substantiating the values of the angles of total displacement Ψ and maximum subsidence Θ is of great importance. At present, in practice, the angles Θ are not used explicitly, and fixed values of the angles Ψ do not always allow for a reliable calculation of the length of the semi-trough of displacement and, as a consequence, for a correct calculation of the expected deformations. Taking into account the above, the main objective of this work is to substantiate the angles Ψ and Θ for the conditions of development of the reserves of the Verkhnekamskoye potassium-magnesium salt deposit, and, if appropriate, to establish the dependencies that determine them. The study revealed that the angles of total displacements Ψ under conditions of homogeneity of the geomechanical system structure are not prone to significant changes over time and depend mainly on the parameter of the degree of loading of interchamber pillars C. The reason for the possible decrease in the values of Ψ under conditions of heterogeneity of the geomechanical system structure was found. It was determined that the values of the angles of maximum subsidence Θ may differ from 90º. The values are substantiated and mathematical models are established for the studied angles Ψ and Θ, and the coefficients of the condition of complete undermining are clarified.
- Keywords:
- angles of total displacements, angles of maximum subsidence, complete undermining, incomplete undermining, displacement, trough, safety of undermining objects
- For citation:
- Shchegolkov YuS. Assessment of the values of total shifts angles and maximum subsidence angles in conditions of mining reserves of the Verkhnekamskoe deposit of potassium-magnesium salts. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):61-70. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-61-70.
Development of fastening mining workings means based on the stress-strain state of the massif
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-71-75
V. F. Demin1, S. B. Aliev2, N. А. Milеtenko2, O. V. Starostina1, V. N. Dolgonosov1
- A. Saginov Karaganda Technical University (KarTU), 100027, Karaganda, Kazakhstan
- Institute of Comprehensive Exploitation of Mineral Resources Russian Academy of Sciences, 111020, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The article contains the results of research on the development of technology and means of fastening mine workings, taking into account the stress-strain state of the coal rock massif based on digital modeling. Design documentation of rockbolt support has been developed. Bench tests of a batch of pilot-industrial samples in laboratory conditions and pilot-industrial tests of rope and composite rockbolt in mine conditions. Recommendations have been developed on the effective use of the technology of rockbolt support of preparatory workings when conducting tectonic disturbances, increased rock pressure, the influence of cleaning operations, at the junctions and in the lavas of mining sections of mines.
- Keywords:
- Coal seam, Roof, Mining working, Breakage face, Geomechanical model, Dangerous areas, Rockbolt support, Sandstone layer
- For citation:
- Demin VF, Aliev SB, Milеtenko NА. Development of fastening mining workings means based on the stress-strain state of the massif. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):71-75. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-71-75.
Determining the influence of bench geometry and rockfall debris volume on its maximum kinetic energy by creating an approximate regression model
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-76-81
O. D. Belov
- National University of Science and Technology MISIS, 119049, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- In this paper, we study the influence of the quarry bench geometry and the volume of rockfall debris on its kinetic energy. Based on the results of numerical modeling in the RAMMS: ROCKFALL software package, regression models were obtained that describe the dependence of the kinetic energy of the debris on its volume for various combinations of bench heights and angles. It was revealed that the dependence of the debris energy on the bench geometry is different for volumes from 0.5 to 4 m3 and from 4 to 16 m3. The regression models showed high convergence with the results of numerical modeling, which will allow them to be used in the future to calculate the optimal characteristics of special anti-rockfall structures, both for deposits already put into operation and for deposits at the design stage.
- Keywords:
- rockfall, fragment shape, movement, rebound height, speed, kinetic energy, computer modeling, topography, Python
- For citation:
- Belov OD. Determining the influence of bench geometry and rockfall debris volume on its maximum kinetic energy by creating an approximate regression model. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):76-81. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-76-81.
Use of unmanned aerial vehicles in the underground method of field development
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-82-86
G. S. Kurchin, A. O. Shigin, A. N. Anushenkov, A. K. Kirsanov, E. P. Volkov
- Siberian Federal University, Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The article discusses the possibilities and limitations of using unmanned aerial vehicles in the underground development of mineral deposits. The article analyzes the key functions of underground drones, as well as the requirements for their design and technology to work in complex underground conditions. The main attention is paid to the tasks that drones solve in underground mine workings, including monitoring of the condition of supports, mapping and 3D-modeling, environmental and mining monitoring, etc. Technical and operational challenges such as radio signal limitations, exposure to high humidity and extreme temperatures that can reduce the effectiveness of drone use are highlighted. Conclusions are drawn on the importance of underground drones in improving the safety and efficiency of mining operations, and recommendations are made for their further development within the framework of digitalization and automation of underground operations. The results of the study can be used by the scientific community as an information source.
- Keywords:
- For citation:
- drones, underground mining, drones in mines, safety, monitoring, mapping, automation
Formation of a man-made resource during the development of placer gold deposits
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-87-90
D. I. Bedarev, V. E. Kislyakov
- Siberian Federal University, 660041, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The purpose of the study is to substantiate the importance of studies of excess mined space during the development of placer gold deposits. The paper analyzes the frequently used equipment in the development of placer gold deposits. The separation of the equipment used for the formation of excess exhaust space (IVP) during the development of the field was carried out. The analysis of previously published studies in the field of technogenic resource formation at coal enterprises has been carried out. As a result of the analyzed information, the significance of the study of excess developed space and the development of technology for the use of man-made resources on the basis of placer deposits of the JSC Priisk Udereisky enterprise located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory and the Chita region, as well as to determine the factors of the formation of the IVP and the development of technology for the production of stripping using man-made resources, was revealed.
- Keywords:
- Excess developed space, man-made resource, hydromechanization, defrost, flood
- For citation:
- Bedarev DI, Kislyakov VE. Formation of a man-made resource during the development of placer gold deposits. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):87-90. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-87-90.
The use of lasers in emergency situations in the fuel and energy complex
DOI: 10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-91-98
V. P. Spiridonov, A. A. Kopylov, O. V. Dvoenko, A. Y. Dmitriev
- Academy of the State Fire Service of the Ministry of the Russian Federation for Civil Defense, Emergencies and Elimination of Consequences of Natural Disasters, 129366, Moscow, Russian Federation
- Abstract:
- The article analyzes and presents statistical data on: the frequency of occurrence of dangerous man-made phenomena in the oil and gas industry; fires and explosions depending on the object of occurrence; causes of fires and explosions at oil and petroleum products warehouses. For the first time, the results of tests of remote operation with a laser beam at a distance of 50 and 100 meters to the test object have been obtained. It has been established that the Ministry of Emergency Situations of Russia is facing the problem of ensuring fire safety and emergency response at oil and gas industry facilities, and the remote use of laser technologies during emergency rescue operations has the possibility of additional safety advantages for firefighters and rescuers. It is determined that the introduction of laser systems in emergency rescue operations in the emergency zone is an urgent area and requires further research. It has been revealed that in order to ensure the safety of operation of oil and gas equipment and pipelines in the oil and gas industry, it is necessary to introduce new technologies and use laser installations. The authors of the article propose the use of the ZORKA 1300 laser complex at the facilities of the fuel and energy complex.
- Keywords:
- oil and gas industry, emergencies, fire, explosion, laser systems
- For citation:
- Spiridonov VP, Kopylov AA, Dvoenko OV, et al. The use of lasers in emergency situations in the fuel and energy complex. Mine Surveying and Subsurface Use. 2025;25(1):91-98. (In Russ.). https://doi.org/10.56195/2079-3332-2025-25-1-91-98.
